Discharge device for fluids



Sept. 4, 1951 c. w. FRESE DISCHARGE DEVICE FOR FLUIDS Filed Nov. 16, 1949 IN V EN TOR. 0 iffli'ese BY ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 4, 1951 DISCHARGE DEVICE FOR FLUIDS Carl W. Frese, New York, N. Y., asslgnor to Specialties Development Corporation, Bellevllle, N. 1., a corporation of New Jersey Application November 10, 1949, Serial No. 127,895

14 Claims. 1

forward velocity to greatly minimize the entrainment of air and to reduce recoil and lateral reaction, and to provide devices particularly adapted for discharging carbon dioxide or other fluids while subjecting the fluid to turbulence and mixing.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide devices for accomplishing the foregoing which are relatively simple and economical in construction, and are readily manufactured and assembled.

Another object is to improve prior devices of the foregoing character by more effectively mixing a plurality of streams of fluid.

.A further object is to provide such devices which are adjustable to produce various mixing characteristics and to regulate the forward velocity of the fluid.

Other and further objects of the invention will be obvious upon an understanding of the illustrative embodiment about to be described, or will be indicated in the appended claims, and various advantages not referred to herein will occur to one skilled in the art upon employment of the invention in practice.

In accordance with the invention, the foregoing objects may be accomplished by providing a discharge device or shield comprising a receptacle having a continuous side wall, an end wall and an opening opposite the end wall; and a conduit having aperture means within the receptacle extending rearwardly and outwardly to direct a stream of fluid towards the end wall.

The side wall of the receptacle may be cylindrical or may be flared outwardly, and the end wall may be arcuate or bowl-shaped. The conduit may extend through the end wall and along the longitudinal axis of the receptacle, and may have a plurality of circumferentially spaced apertures formed therein. The apertures may extend radially or substantially tangentially outwardly through the conduit, and, if desired, the apertures may be provided in pairs with the apertures of each pair facing each other to cause streamsspi fluid issuing therefrom to impinge.

2 Means may be provided for adjusting the position of the apertures with respect to the end wall of the receptacle in an axial direction to produce various mixing effects.

In the drawing:

Figure l is a side elevational view illustrating fluid discharging apparatus embodying the present invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a discharge device in accordance with the invention.

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 illustrating a modified form of receptacle.

Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along the line 4-4 on Figure 2 illustrating one arrangement of the apertures in the conduit.

Figures 5 and 6 are sectional views similar to Figure 4 illustrating other arrangements of the apertures.

Referring to Figure l of the drawing, there is shown apparatus of a type adapted for discharging liquefied carbon dioxide or the like and directing the same on a fire. This apparatus comprises a hollow handle ill, a receptacle II attached to the handle, and a shield or horn l2 mounted on the open end of the receptacle. The shield may be flared outwardly as shown or may be cylindrical or flared inwardly. and may be of any desired length. A hose It extends through the handle and is connected to a supply of carbon dioxide or other fluid (not shown).

As shown in Figure 2, the receptacle II has an annular side wall IS, a bowl-shaped end wall l6. and a front opening ll opposite the end wall. The side wall may be round or oval in cross-section and may be generally cylindrical (Figure 2) or may be flared outwardly (Figure 3). The shield i2 is secured to the portion of the side wall adjacent the opening II.

The end wall It may be generally hemispherical (Figure 2) or may be somewhat parabolic, thus resembling a blunt-nosed projectile (Figure 3). The end wall is provided with a central opening l9, and a conduit or tube 2|! extends through this opening and has its inner end 22 connected to the hose It.

The conduit 20 is disposed along the longitudinal axis of the receptacle II and its outer end 2| is closed and preferably terminates short of the front opening ll. A plurality of circumferentially spaced apertures 24 are formed in the conduit adjacent the closed end thereof and face rearwardly and outwardly whereby each is positioned to direct a stream of fluid towards the end wall.

If desired, the conduit; may be secured within the end wall opening I9 by a pair of lock nuts 25 in threaded engagement with the exterior of the inner end 22 of the conduit (Figure 2) to enable the position of the conduit with respect to the receptacle to be adjusted in an axial di: rection whereby the position of the apertures 24 may be varied to cause the streams issuing from the apertures to be directed against portions of the end wall H at desired points.

The apertures 24 extend rearwardly (Figures 2 and 3) and radially outwardly (Figure 4) to cause the streams of fluid issuing therefrom to provide a radial pattern in the receptacle.

The apertures 24 extend rearwardly (Figures 2 and 3) and substantially tangentially outwardly (Figure 5) to cause the streams of fluid issuing therefrom to provide a rotary or swirling pattern in the receptacle and thereby increase the mixing action of the fluid.

As shown in Figure 6, the apertures 24 may be further modified by arranging the same in pairs, with the apertures of each pair facing each other to cause the streams to impinge on each other and/or intersect eachother before being directed against the end wall, whereby a beneficial mixing action is effected.

In operation, the apertures 24 may be positioned in the receptacle so that the streams issuing therefrom are directed against the portions 26 of the side wall 15 just forwardly of the end wall l6 as shown in Figure 2, the arrows representing the streams. The streams are then deflected rearwardly to the inner end of the end wall, which causes the streams to be deflected forwardly. The streams so deflected expand to substantially fill the bowl-shaped end of the receptacle. In moving forwardly, the expanded and mixed streams intersect the streams issuing from the apertures to provide an additional mixing action.

Where the fluid discharged is liquefied carbon dioxide or the like, the expansion and mixing thereof provides a mixture which is rich in carbon dioxide snow, has a substantially uniform density, and which moves forwardly at a low velocity.

The mixing action and reduction in velocity can be regulated by adjusting the conduit to place the apertures 24 therein in other axial positions. For example, in cases where a slightly higher forward velocity of the snow and gas mixture is permissible, the apertures are moved closer to the rear of the end wall. whereby the path of flow of the fluid within the receptacle is somewhat shortened, and expansion of the fluid and reduction of, its forward velocity are of a lesser degree. Such adjustment renders the devices in accordance with the present invention adaptable for various types of discharges, for example, ranging from dense, short range, low velocity discharges to long range discharges of an effective fire extinguishing mixture at higher but permissible velocities.

While the present invention has been describedin connection with devices for discharging carbon dioxide and the like, suchdevices are also adapted for discharging vaporizable and non-expansible liquids, and free flowing dry powders behaving in a sense as fluids.

It will, of course, be understood that the invention may be practiced with discharge devices as shown in Figures 2- and 3, for example, without the addition of a horn or directing shield such as the horn l2 of Figure 1, and that the 4 description of the invention in connection with the fire extinguishing apparatus of Figure 1 is only for illustrative purposes.

From the foregoing description, it will be seen that the present invention provides improved devices for discharging liquefied carbon dioxide and the like and other fluids which are simple and practical in construction and highly effective in operation.

As various changes may be made in the form, construction and arrangement of the parts herein, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and without sacrificing any of its advantages, it is .to be understood that all matter herein is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in any limiting sense.

I claim:

1. A discharge shield comprising a receptacle having a continuous side wall, an end wall, and an opening opposite said end wall of an area at least as great as the cross-sectional area of said receptacle adjacent said end wall; and a conduit within said receptacle having aperture means extending outwardly and rearwardly to direct a stream of fluid towards said end wall.

2. A discharge shield comprising a receptacle having a continuous side wall, an arcuate end wall, and an opening opposite said end wall of an area at least as great as the cross-sectional area of said receptacle adjacent said end wall; and a conduit within said receptacle having aperture means extending outwardly and rearwardly to direct a stream of fluid towards said endwall.

3. A discharge shield comprising a receptacle having an annular side wall, a bowl-shaped end wall, and an opening opposite said end wall of an area at least as great as the cross-sectional area of said receptacle adjacent said end wall; and a conduit within said receptacle having circumferentially spaced apertures extending outwardly and rearwardly to direct streams of fluid towards said end wall.

4. A discharge shield comprising a receptacle having an annular side wall, a bowl-shaped end wall, and an opening opposite said end wall of an area at least as great as the cross-sectional area of said receptacle adjacent said end wall; and a conduit extending outwardly and rearwardly through said end wall along the longitudinal axis of said receptacle having a plurality of circumferentially spaced apertures extending outwardly and rearwardly to direct streams of fluid towards said end wall.

5. A discharge shield comprising a receptacle having a cylindrical side wall, a bowl-shaped end wall, and an opening opposite said end wall of a diameter equal to the diameter of said end wall; and a conduit extending outwardly and rearwardly through said end wall along the longitudinal axis of said receptacle having a plurality of circumferentially spaced apertures extending outwardly and rearwardly to direct streams of fluid towards said end wall.

6. A discharge shield comprising a receptacle having an annular outwardly flared sid wall, a bowl-shaped end wall, and an opening opposite said end wall of an area greater than the crosssectional area of said receptacle adjacent said end wall; and a conduit extending outwardly and rearwardly through said end wall along the longitudinal axis of said receptacle having a plurality of circumferentially spaced apertures extending outwardly and rearwardly to direct streams of fluid towards said end wall.

7. A discharge shield comprising a receptacle having an annular side wall, a bowl-shaped end wall, and an opening opposite said end wall of an area at least as great as the cross-sectional area of said receptacle adjacent said end wall; and a conduit extending outwardly and rearwardly through said end wall along the longitudinal axis of said receptacle having a plurality of circumferentially spaced apertures extending radially outwardly and rearwardly to direct streams of fluid towards said end wall.

8. A discharge shield comprising a receptacle having an annular side wall, a bowl-shaped end wall, and an opening opposite said end wall of an area at least as great as the cross-sectional area of said receptacle adjacent said end wall; and a conduit extending outwardly and rearwardly through said end wall along the longitudinal axis of said receptacle having a plurality of circumferentlally spaced apertures extending substantially tangentially outwardly and rearwardly to direct swirling streams of fluid towards said end wall.

9. A discharge shield comprising a receptacle having an annular side wall, a bowl-shaped end wall, and an opening opposite said end wall of an area at least as great as the cross-sectional area of said receptacle adjacent said end wall; and a conduit extending outwardly and rearwardly through said end wall along the longitudinal axis of said receptacle having a plurality of pairs of circumferentially spaced apertures extending outwardly with the apertures of each pair facing each other and rearwardly to direct impinging streams of fluid towards said end wall.

10. A discharge shield comprising a receptacle having an annular side wall, a bowl-shaped end wall, and an opening opposite said end wall of an area at least as great as the cross-sectional area of said receptacle adjacent said end wall; and a tube extending outwardly and rearwardly through said end wall along the longitudinal axis of said receptacle having a closed forward end and a plurality of circumferentially spaced apertures adjacent said closed end extending outwardly and rearwardly to direct streams of fluid towards said end wall.

11. A discharge shield comprising a receptacle having a continuous side wall, an end wall, and an opening opposite said end wall of an area at least as great as the cross-sectional area of said receptacle adjacent said end wall; and a conduit having aperture means within said receptacle extending outwardly and rearwardly to direct a stream of fluid towards said end wall, and having means for adjusting the position of said aperture means with respect to said end wall of said receptacle in an axial direction.

12. A discharge shield comprising a receptacle having a continuous side wall, an end wall formed with a central aperture, and an unrestricted opening opposite said end wall; a conduit in said receptacle and extending outwardly and rearwardly through said aperture and being positioned therein for movement along the longitudinai axis of said receptacle, said conduit having outwardly and rearwardly facing aperture means within said receptacle; and means associated with said conduit and said end wall for retaining said conduit in desired positions to adjust the position of said aperture means with respect to said end wall in an axial direction.

13. A discharge shield comprising a receptacle having a continuous side wall, an end wall formed with a central threaded aperture, and an unrestricted opening opposite said end wall; and a conduit in said receptacle along the longitudinal axis thereof and extending outwardly and rearwardly through said aperture, said conduit having outwardly and rearwardly facing aperture means within said receptacle and being formed with a threaded section cooperating with said threaded aperture for adjusting the posi-- tion of said aperture means with respect to said end wall in an axial direction.

14. A discharge shield comprising a receptacle having a continuous side wall,- an end wall formed with a central threaded aperture, and an unrestricted opening opposite said end wall; a conduit in said receptacle along the longitudinal axis .thereof and extending outwardly and rearwardly through said aperture, said conduit having outwardly and rearwardly facing aperture means within said receptacle and being formed with a threaded section cooperating with said threaded aperture for adjusting the position of said aperture means with respect to said end wall in an axial direction; and lock nut means threaded on said conduit for securing the same in its desired position of adjustment.

CARL W. FRESE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATEN'IS Number Name Date 2,352,399 Myers June 27, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 360,757 Great Britain Nov. 12, 1931 593,703 Germany Mar. 1, 1934 773,849 France Nov. 26, 1934 507,776 Great Br tain June 21, 1939 

